The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy with an area of 242,495 square kilometres (93,628 sq mi) and an estimated 2023 population of over 68 million people. Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning has taken place in most large cities in the UK with extensive consultation but not following the EU methodology. The UK is no longer a member of the EU and it has developed its own approach to urban mobility planning which is explained in the report Future of Mobility:  Urban Strategy.